Unit 1
1.选词填空
1. Given the chance to show his ability, he regainedconfidence and began to succeed in school.
2. It is so difficult to explore the bottom of the ocean because some parts are very deep. 3. It was about 30 seconds before Alex emerged from the water; we were quite scared. 4. We often assume that when other people do the same things as we do, they do them for the same reasons; but this assumption is not always reasonable.
5. There is widespread concern that the rising unemployment may pose a threat to social stability.
7. It is well known that China is a country with rich natural resources and a very big population.
8. Some people believe that the earth can yield enough food to support at least twice its present population.
9. Saminherited the gift of imagination from his family, but he lacked the driving power to take action.
10. A bee that has found honey is able to transmit to other bees the information they need in order to collect the honey.
2.15选10
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attain赢得，获得，得到 fascinating迷人的，吸引人fulfill履行，执行 pursue追求，致力于 available可获得的可利用的 qualify使合适，合格 raise提升，增加 passion强烈的爱好，热爱 virtually实际上 classify分类归类 acquire获得，取得，学到 fashionable流行的 especially特别的 sample样品，标本 prosperous繁荣的 3.选词组
open the door to 给···以机会 in advance 预先，提前
all at once 同时，一下子 reap the benefits (of) 得享（某事物）的好处make the most of最大限度的利用某物 over time逐渐地，慢慢地
get by过活，活的去 stand a chance (of)有（做成某事）的希望 remind ... of 使某人想起 take pleasure in乐于做某事
1. My familygot by on my father's unemployment benefit after he lost his job.
2. Many subway riders read books or listen to music in order to make the most of their time on the way to work.
3. In order to make sure he would be able to attend the meeting, I called him up two weeksin advance.
5. In order to reap the benefits of the physical exercise, you have to exercise regularly, and for at least half an hour each time.
6. They all tried to talk all at once , but I couldn't hear anything they said.
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7. Yellow flowers in the field always remindmeof my childhood in the countryside. 8. We have been practicing for so long and so hard that our team should stand a chance ofwinning the game.
9. Research on genes will open the door to exciting new medical treatments.
10. Every one of you has made a contribution and I take pleasure in acknowledging what each of you has done to make this academic convention such a success.
4.翻译
苏格拉底是古希腊哲学家，被誉为现代西方哲学的奠基人。他是一个谜一般的人物，人们主要通过后来的一些古典作家的叙述，尤其是他最著名的学生柏拉图的作品去了解他。苏格拉底以他对伦理学的贡献而闻名。他的教学法亦称为苏格拉底法，即通过提问和回答来激发批判性思维以及阐述观点。该方法在各种讨论中仍被普遍使用。他还在认识论和逻辑领域作出了重大而深远的贡献。他的思想和方法所带来的影响一直是后来的西方哲学的坚实基础。苏格拉底是古代哲学史上最丰富多彩的人物。他在他那个时代已威名远扬。虽然他未曾建立什么哲学体系，未曾设立什么学派，也未曾创立什么宗派，但他的名字很快就变得家喻户晓了。
孔子是中国历史上著名的思想家、教育家，是儒家学派（Confucianism）的创始人，被尊称为古代的\"圣人\"（sage）。他的言论和生平活动记录在《论语》（The Analects）一书中。《论语》是中国古代文化的经典著作，对后来历代的思想家、文学家、政治家产生了很大影响。不研究《论语》，就不能真正把握中国几千年的传统文化。孔子的很多思想，尤其是其教育思想，对中国社会产生了深远的影响。在21世纪的今天，孔子的学说不仅受到中国人的重视，而且也越来越受到整个国际社会的重视。
Unit 2
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选词填空
embarrass（使尴尬，使窘迫）polish（擦光，擦亮，修改，上润光剂）emotional（情绪上的，情感上的）efficiency（效率，效能）curb（控制。抑制）await（等待）donation（捐助）dump（丢弃，扔掉）stuff（装满，填满）historical有关历史的
1. He has a special feeling for the brilliant birds, and each spring he eagerly awaits their return.
2. Thanks to the efficiency of air transport, everyone is free to go anywhere at any time. 3. John believes that the donation of food to the hungry is more helpful than giving money.
4. Mary was a careful speaker; every word seemed to have been polished before it was allowed to escape through her lips.
5. When she heard it was snowing in the city they were going to, she stuffed two more sweaters into her bag.
6. During our stay in Europe we visited many places of historical interest, including several castles.
7. The wedding ceremony of my sister was a very emotional experience for our family. 8. He was embarrassd when he discovered that he didn't have enough money to pay for the red wine he had ordered.
9. The local government is pressed to find new places to waste. 10. The new system designed to dump harmful emissions (排放物) from factories will be put into use soon.
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10. The new system designed tocurb harmful emissions (排放物) from factories will be put into use soon.
2.15选10
emotional令人动情的，感情脆弱的 romantic浪漫的多情的空想的 ridiculous可笑的，荒谬的 overwhelmed淹没压倒 embarrassment窘迫，难堪 appreciate感激欣赏增值 curious好奇的 awkwardness笨拙粗略难为情 cultivate耕作种植 reverse反转颠倒 parental父母的亲本的 therefore因此，所以 reduce减少缩小 beloved被热爱的，亲爱的 otherwise否则另外 3.选词组
make it获得成功，准时到达 with open arms热烈地，欣然 strip off揭开 去掉 脱掉 keep back抑制，控制，隐瞒 free of/from无···拜托了···的 after all毕竟终究 straighten up直起身，把···弄整洁 throw away扔掉丢弃
1. After 10 years of full-time training, she has finally make it as a professional dancer. 3. Redecorating the house is a challenging task. It's necessary to strip off the wallpaper
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first.
5. A lot of what we throw away is made from raw materials which are not renewable. 6. Megan and John realized that their house was too messy for a new baby, so they decided to straighten up their house before the baby was born.
7. Jennifer couldn't keep back her tears when she saw the sick children at a new blood cancer center in Virginia.
8. We want to give all children a world free of/from violence. 4.翻译
圣诞节是一个被广泛庆祝的文化节日，全世界有许许多多的人在12月25日庆祝这一节日。它是为了纪念耶稣基督的诞辰。该节日最早可追溯到公元336年。渐渐地，这一节日演变为一个既是宗教又是非宗教的节日，越来越多的非基督徒也庆祝圣诞节。如今，圣诞节在全球被作为一个重大的节日和公共假日来庆祝。不同国家的圣诞节风俗也各不相同。现代流行的圣诞接风俗包括交换圣诞贺卡和圣诞礼物、唱圣诞歌曲、参加教堂活动、摆放各种圣诞装饰品和圣诞树、举行家庭聚会以及准备一顿特别的大餐。对小孩子们来说，这个节日充满了幻想和惊喜。据传说，圣诞老人会在圣诞夜从烟囱进入每户人家，给乖巧听话的孩子带来礼物。由于圣诞节送礼物以及许多其他方面推动了基督徒和非基督徒的经济活动，圣诞节也因此成为商家的一个重大活动和主要销售季。
每 年 农 历（Chinese lunar calendar）八 月 十 五 是我 国 的 传 统 节 日 —— 中 秋 节（the Mid-Autumn Festival）。这时是一年秋季的中期，所以被称为中秋。中秋节的一项重要活动是赏月。夜晚，人们赏明月、吃月饼，共庆中秋佳节。中秋节也是家庭团圆的时刻，远在他乡的游子，会借此寄托自己对故乡和亲人的思念之情。中秋节的习俗很多，都寄托着人们对美好生活的热爱和向往。自____年起，中秋节成为中国的法定节假日。
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Unit 3
选词填空
response反应，响应 transform使改观，使变形 focus焦点重点，集中于··· analyze分析，剖析 typical典型的有代表的 regulate调整校准调节
2. People are beginning to realize that to transform nature at will is the biggest mistake that man has ever made.
3. It is difficult to conclude what a(n) typical student does in his spare time because every student has different interests.
5. Some of your suggestions have been adopted , but others have been turned down as they are not workable.
6. All of a sudden, he lost his interest in engineering, and focused his attention on learning a foreign language.
8. I failed to pass the exam although I had worked very hard. I should analyzethe causes of my failure.
9. When you do yoga, try to regulate your breathing. Don't breathe too fast and make sure you breathe only through your nose.
10. It was difficult to estimate how many people had been wounded in the earthquake. 2.15选10
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preferred提出，提升 require要求 undergraduate大学生 大学的 accountable可解释的可说明的 acquire获得得到 tranmits传输传送 indispensable不可或缺的 creativity创造性，创造力 referred提及，针对 seeks 寻找，追求 post邮件，张贴，快速行进 connectivity连通性 transform改变改观 3.选词组
keep up with保持，同步，和朋友保持联系 set up建立设立创立 fire off开枪，匆忙发出 take the lead树立榜样，带头 add to增加，增添 stand out显眼，突出，出色 in large part多半，在很大程度上 visit with叙谈闲谈 account for占据，是···的原因，解释 at a disadvantage处于不利地位的
2. People browse the Internet, read newspapers and watch TV to keep up with what is happening in the world.
4. I find it very difficult toaccount for the fact that two of our best students failed the exam. 6. She is getting popular since she appeared in a TV interview last month. Her new movie will no doubt add to her growing fame.
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7. The developed countries shouldtake the lead in reducing greenhouse gas emissions (排放) and provide support for the developing nations to follow.
8. If your spoken English is not very good, then you may be at a disadvantage when you are looking for a job.
9. Their success was due in large part to their well-conceived (周密策划的) plan.
10. He has been so occupied with his work these days that he barely has time tovisit with his friends.
4.翻译
伦敦地铁是英国的一个快速交通运输系统，服务于大伦敦的大部分地区。地铁系统因其地铁隧道的典型形状也被称为地下管道。伦敦地铁始建于19世纪中期，是世界上最早的地下铁路系统。它的第一段地铁于____年开始运营。自此，伦敦地铁不断延伸，发展成为一个包括12条线路、275个车站、铁轨总长超过250英里的地铁杰作，其中有45%在地下运行。就路线长度而言，它是世界上第四大地铁系统，也是车站数量最多的地铁系统
一。作为一个走遍伦敦的经济便捷的途径，伦敦地铁一向是每天数百万通勤者以及在节假日游历伦敦的游客的首选。伦敦地铁已成为伦敦的一个国际标志。____年伦敦举办了各种各样的活动，庆祝地铁运营150周年，纪念这一里程碑。
中国航天业开创于____年。几十年来，中国航天事业创造了一个又一个奇迹。____年，中国成功发射了第一颗人造地球卫星，成为世界上第五个独立自主研制和发射人造地球卫星的国家。____年，中国开始实施载人航天飞行工程（manned spaceflight program）。____年，中国成功发射了\"神舟五号\"载人飞船，使中国成为第三个发射载人飞船的国家。____年发射了\"嫦娥一号\"，即第一颗绕月球飞行（lunar-orbiting）的人造卫星。____年，第五艘载人飞船\"神舟十号\"发射成功，为中国空间站的建设打下了基础。
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China's space industry was launched in 1956. Over the past decades, China's space industry has created one miracle after another. In 1970 China launched its first man-made earth satellite, ranking China the fifth country in the world to independently develop and launch man-made earth satellites. In 1992 China began to carry out the manned spaceflight program. In 2003 China launched Shenzhou-5, a manned spaceship. The successful launch made China the third country to launch manned spaceships. In 2007 Chang'e-1, the first lunar-orbiting man-made satellite, was sent to space. In 2013 Shenzhou-10, the fifth manned spaceship, was launched successfully, laying the foundation for building the Chinese Space Station.
Unit 4
选词填空
Subsequent后来的，随后的 distinct明显的，清楚的 Intense热烈的，强烈的 respond回答，响应 Advocate提倡，拥护 involve包含，使参与 Confine限制，局限于，禁制 fulfill履行，执行 Circumstance环境，境遇 reconcile使和好
1. Fortunately, the accident didn't involve many people, for there was little traffic at that hour.
4. As music plays an important role in our life, many music teachers and educatorsadvocate taking up a musical instrument at a young age.
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5. This rule should be entirely clear in the minds of everyone and should not be misunderstood under anycircumstances.
6. My daughter was shy; she was afraid to ask questions, respond to questions in class, or talk with other children.
7. I got from him only a letter, which was put on my office desk;subsequent to the receipt of this letter I have never heard from him.
8. The duties to provide services for children in need are notconfine to the local social services department.
9. We pray that all nations be reconciled and that all people around the world live in peace. 10. He suggested a small but distinct improvement on our former plan; I really appreciate it.
2.15选10
involve包含，使参与 remarkable异常的，引人注目的 focusing调焦，集中 showered似雨般降落 intense热情的 applying应用，致力于 tragedy悲剧，惨剧 advocate提倡，拥护 hailed下冰雹 tender纤弱的，温柔的 fulfillment完成，实现 3.选词组
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in sb.'s words/in the words of sb.用某人的话来说
count on依靠指望 make sense of理解，弄懂某事 reserve for预留，保留 shield from使···免受 call on呼吁，号召 sum up概括总结 relate to理解，认同 in need在困难时，在贫困之中 be/get caught up in被卷入，陷入
1. She held her hand above her eyes to shield them from the sun so that she could see more clearly the man in front of her.
2. The boy studied the signs for over an hour, but still could not make sense of them, so he turned to his teacher for help.
4. We will continue to care for those in need and work to establish a society that is generous and prosperous.
5. Many people are/get caught up in careers and raising kids so that they forget that their marriages also need to be taken good care of.
6. My most favorite program is the one that deals with scientific subjects that ordinary people can relate to .
7. Finally, I would like to sum up by saying that it has been a tremendous pleasure to work with you all.
8. He is a person that you can always count on when you need help.
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9. Betty loves reading.In her words, \"Reading is the most wonderful thing in the world.\" 10. This restaurant is very popular because it has some separate, smaller rooms reserved for families with small children.
4.翻译
作为通过中国游历亚洲的首批欧洲人之一，马可·波罗可能是中国人最熟知的外国商人和航海家。从____年到____年，他和他的家人游历广泛，遍及欧洲和亚洲。期间，他在中国留居了17年。他的著作《马可·波罗游记》描述了他游历亚洲的旅程，让欧洲人首次全面领略了包括中国、印度和日本在内的远东地区的情况。从他的文字叙述中，西方人第一次了解到瓷器、煤炭、火药、印刷术、纸币以及丝绸。在15世纪末和16世纪欧洲发现与征服的大航海时代，马可·波罗所记录的大量新的地理信息得到了广泛使用。在他去世后的这几个世纪里，马可·波罗获得了他在有生之年未曾获得的赞誉。马可·波罗的故事鼓舞了其他无数的探险者去踏上征程，发现世界。
郑和是中国历史上最著名的航海家（maritime explorer）。公元1405 年，明朝的统治者为了稳固边防（border defense）和开展海上贸易，派郑和下西洋（the Western Seas）。在此后的28 年里，郑和带领船队七下西洋，前后出海的人员有10 多万人，访问了30 多个国家和地区。船队纵横南亚、西亚，一直到非洲大陆。郑和下西洋是世界航海（navigation）史上的壮举，它展现了郑和卓越的航海和组织才能，同时展现了明朝的国力和国威（national strength and prestige），加强了明朝和海外各国之间的关系。
Zheng He was the most famous maritime explorer in Chinese history. In 1405 AD, the ruler of the Ming Dynasty sent Zheng He on a voyage to the Western Seas in order to strengthen border defense and develop trade by sea. In the following 28 years, Zheng He led his fleet, made seven voyages to the Western Seas with over 100,000 crew members in total, and visited more than 30 countries and regions. The fleet traveled far into South Asia and West Asia, and made all the way to the continent of Africa. Zheng He's voyages to the Western Seas were a
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great feat in the world's navigation history. It showed Zheng He's outstanding navigation and organization talents; meanwhile, it exhibited the national strength and prestige of the Ming Dynasty, and strengthened the relationships between the Ming Dynasty and the overseas countries.
Unit 5
选词填空
substantial大量的多的，物质的 annual一年一度的，每年的 amateur业余爱好者，业余爱好的 assemble集合收集，组装装配 react作出反应 furnish提供，供应 distinction优秀，差别，卓越 contract契约，合同 apparent表面的，可看见的 magnificent宏伟的，壮观的，华丽的
1. The annual conference which I attend every year is going to be held in London in January next year.
3. We were honored that so many people of distinctionand talent were present to discuss the issues.
4. The local government has been providing substantial support to them, without which they couldn't have been so successful.
5. The secret agent promised that the information he furnished was obtained from reliable sources.
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6. Whether amateur or professional, American football is perhaps the most popular sport in the US. It attracts a total attendance of over 40 million and is watched by many more millions on television each year.
7. Shops try to meet the DIY (do-it-yourself) fashion by offering consumers parts and hardware which they can assembleat home.
8. I wonder how she will react to the news if I tell her she is not going to get a raise this year.
9. It was apparent that the professor's lecture failed to impress the students as some of them had left before it was over.
10. We all admitted that the trip was worthwhile after we saw a(n) magnificent palace and a fantastic museum.
15选10
Amateur业余爱好者，业余的 endurance耐久持久，忍耐力 Individual个人的，个人 independent自主的，不相关联的 Present现在的，目前的 despite不管，尽管 Developed先进的，发达的 contests争夺竞争 Remarkable异常的，引人注目的 coined创造 Insurance保险 inherent固有的，内在的，天生 Established已建立的 contracts契约
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Separate分开分离
For several centuries, cricket (板球) has been a very popular sport in England. It has been enjoyed by both professional and (1)(amateur) players. This super-popular game is a bat-and-ball game played between two teams of 11 players. It can provide you with health benefits like building (2)(endurance), balance, and physical fitness. But for a team sport, cricket also places (3)(individual) players under unusual pressure because every team player is (4)(independent) of each other. Cricket might have started in early 16th-century England. Written records (5)(present) evidence of a game known as creag being played by Prince Edward at Newenden, Kent in 1301; and it is possible, (6)(despite) no hard evidence, that this was a form of cricket. By the end of the 18th century, cricket had (7)(developed) into a national sport of England. The growth of the British Empire led to cricket being played abroad and by the mid-19th century the first international (8)(contests) were held. Cricket has had a(n) (9)(remarkable) impact on popular culture in England. It has had an influence on the vocabulary of the English language, with such phrases as that's not cricket (10)(coined) to describe unfair behavior in general.
选词组
regardless of不管 give away暴露 fall ill生病 pass away去世 up to达到，至多 have no intention of doing sth.不打算做某事 leave behind把···抛在脑后 忘记拿走 might (just) as well还不如 in attendance出席 to this day直到现在
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1. I felt terribly sorry to learn that his sister (passed away) after having fought against cancer for three years.
2. The Chinese swimmer was (left behind) at the beginning of the women's 100-meter freestyle final, but she didn't give up and finally took the lead.
3. The rich man thinks that he will die in disgrace if he does not (give away) his money for the public good.
4. They (had no intention of) letting him go and would like him to stay on after his present contract expires.
5. (Up to) seven million students are graduating from university this year. This will undoubtedly add to the employment pressure in the job market.
6. If he is determined to do something, he will do it (regardless of) what other people will say.
8. The authorities promise to introduce an effective health service so that people do not need to spend too much money when they (fall ill) .
9. Thousands of people were (in attendance) at yesterday's strike, which caused great confusion.
10. They got to know each other in their 20s and (to this day) they are still in close touch with each other.
翻译
有关古代奥林匹克运动会的最早文字记载可追溯至公元前776年。古代奥运会每4年举办一次，
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在8月6日与9月19日之间的一个纪念宙斯的宗教节日期间举行。第一届现代奥运会于____年在希腊雅典举办。奥运会的标志由五个大小相同的套环组成，代表着五大洲的联合和来自世界各地运动员的大聚会。奥运会真正腾飞、成为一项国际体育盛会是在____年之后，即第8届奥运会在巴黎举办之后。这一年，来自44个国家约3000名运动员同场竞技，并且第一次在奥运会上增加了闭幕式这一仪式。同年，冬季奥运会首次亮相，比赛项目包括花样滑冰、冰球、雪橇和冬季两项运动。80年后，____年夏季奥运会在相隔一个多世纪后再次在雅典举办，来自201个国家的近11000名运动员展开竞技，创下参赛国数目之最
太极拳（Tai Chi）是一种武术（martial arts）项目，也是一种健身运动，在中国有着悠久的历史。太极拳动作缓慢而柔和，适合任何年龄、性别、体型的人练习。太极拳既可防身，又能强身健体，因而深受中国人的喜爱。太极拳在发展的过程中，借鉴并吸收了中国传统哲学、医术、武术的合理内容（element），成为特色鲜明的一项运动。作为中国特有的一种运动形式，太极拳也越来越受到众多外国朋友的喜爱。
Unit 6
选词填空
Controversial引起争论的，有争议的 assess评价，评定 resolve解决，下定决心 decrease减少 alter使变化 abandon放弃，抛弃 indicate表明，指示 undermine逐渐削弱，逐渐损害
1. Studies (indicate) that children who often take part in cooperative programs benefit a lot more than other children.
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2. They are such a(n) (conventional) family — they must have been shocked when their son dyed (染) his hair pink.
3. Testing students by examinations has long been regarded as a reliable way to (assess) students' ability.
4. Many power stations have been modernized to give off less pollution, or they were moved further away from the living areas in order to (decrease) the damage.
6. Mr. Smith is not doing well; the doctor told us that several colds (has undermined) his health.
8. Darwin's theory of evolution remains (controversial) partly because it challenges the religious belief that God created man.
9. It was reported the president had (resolved) to fight if war was necessary, even if it meant destroying his chances of re-election.
10. I had to (abandon) one of my email accounts as it was filled with junk mail. 15选10
Withdraw撤走拿走 reliable可靠的，可信赖的 Committing保证，承诺 decline下降，辞谢，谢绝 Opportunity机会 contrasting对比对照 Interfering干预妨碍 schedules安排，时刻表进度表 Consistent一致的，连续的 burning燃烧的发热的
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Decrease减少，减小 flexible灵活的，易弯曲的 Compromising妥协，退让 generate形成，造成，产生 Circumstance环境，境遇 选词组
take a toll on对···产生不良影响 in other words换言之，换句话说
drop out退出，脱离辍学 in turn相应地，依次地 at risk (of)处境危险，受到威胁 interfere with妨碍阻止 be accustomed to习惯 contribute to促成，造成 cut back on削减，缩减 hold on to继续感到，仍然相信
2. My parents do not object to my taking part-time jobs, but they remind me not to let them (interfere with) my school work.
3. Anger, worry, disappointment, these negative emotions (take a toll on) your heart, brain and body.
4. If a person adopts an unhealthy lifestyle, he will surely be (at risk of) developing diseases.
5. Most people were ready to give up on him when he (dropped out) of school, but later he returned and earned his degree.
6. Drinking too much can increase the risk of developing high blood pressure, which (in
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turn) can lead to heart attack or stroke.
7. Low-cost airlines are emerging all over Asia; this will (contribute to) the development of the world's air-travel market as a whole.
8. When you move to a new country, you may find the food there strange and you may miss the familiar smells of the food you (are accustomed to) in your own country.
9. Although he kept trying and failing, I always (held on to) the belief that he would succeed one day.
翻译
间隔年指的是学生休假不去上学而去旅行或工作等的一段时间，但不一定是一年。间隔年通常选在高中毕业和进入大学之前的一段时间。在这段时间里，学生可以旅行、参加志愿者工作或是在国外边打工边度假。一种新潮流是参加语言学习、住家、文化交流、社区服务和自主学习于一体的国际教育活动。间隔年的做法于20世纪60年代兴起于英国。它在英国、澳大利亚、新西兰和加拿大已经变得非常流行。但是在美国，间隔年的做法仍然只是个别现象。不过近年来，间隔年对美国人来说变得稍微普遍起来。____年有大约四万美国学生参加了间隔年活动，比____年增加了近20%。普林斯顿大学、哈佛大学、麻省理工学院等大学都有明文规定允许学生延迟入学。
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